Nixon’s presidency Essay Example for Free

Nixon’s presidency Essay There are three major issues emphasized during the 1969-1974 term of President Richard Nixon: Vietnam, domestic policies, and the infamous Watergate affair. Nixon inherited the Vietnam War from Lyndon Johnson. The war had caused years of turmoil among Americans who believed that America should not even participate in the war in the first place. In an aim to bring peace, he initiated the Vietnamization of the war, centering of the withdrawal of the US troops. For a while, the plan seemed to be working, but the damage had already been done. Back home, America found herself with a dissenting generation. The war had already drained the country’s economy, inflation was high, crimes and civil rights movement were rapidly swelling. Nixon tried to solve this by injecting domestic policies that involved increasing interest rates to curb borrowing and introducing what the president called â€Å"affirmative action programs,† initiatives that hired minorities and women. Some African Americans who were able to finish college benefited from this but majority were still poor and stayed in slums. Furthermore, people blamed the Supreme Court for the rising incidents of crime so Nixon filled the court with conservative justices. However, while this alleviated the bevy of civil rights movement, it did not entirely solve the crimes. What it did was that it ushered an â€Å"us vs. them† sentiment, a battle between Nixon and those who opposed him, people who Nixon thought were countering the American values. During Nixon’s term, the activism was popular-environmental, consumer, and feminist movements were formed. People had become liberalized, more aware of their rights and surroundings. It seemed that Nixon’s gameplan was not working. Nixon’s economic strategy also failed to work. It was not until 1971 when the president started a 90-day freeze on wages, prices and rents that his efforts finally started to pay off; inflation and unemployment had lessened. This improvement, along with having positive foreign relations helped him earned a reelection. But it only ushered the road to Nixon’s downfall. The illegal activities of the Committee to Reelect the President erupted into what became known as the Watergate Scandal which led to the president’s resignation. From a popular man, Nixon placed himself in a world of lies, crimes and deception. His presidency was in shambles. The lesson of the scandal became clear: that there would always be the dangers of uninhibited executive power and opportunities for political abuse. It was and still is something American will forever be cautious of. Maybe just for that, however painful and shameful it sounds, Americans are grateful for Nixon.

Downfall of the Roman Empire :: Ancient Rome Roman History

Downfall of the Roman Empire The Roman Empire was strong for a time. It was founded on geography, family values, military strength, and wise leadership. It flourished because of social, economic, political, military and religious strengths. However, when the very things that make a civilization flourish start to decline, the civilization will also lead to a downfall. The first reason for the fall was economic decay. The rulers of Rome had expensive lifestyles. To aid their image, they needed money. They gained money through taxation on the poor. In response to the torment of tax collectors, the poor fled to barbaric lands. The poor made up a large percentage of the Roman population. Barbarians disrupted trade on the Mediterranean sea. Rome's gold and silver were being drained into buying luxuries from China, India, and Arabia. The government decreased the silver content in money. The value of the money also decreased. Diocletion attempted to curb the inflation. He issued an edict that fixed maximum prices and wages throughout the Empire. It was an unrealistic and unenforceable idea which failed. The emperors still felt the tax issue needed to be addressed. They decided to make the hereditary class of tax collectors pay the difference. In other words, if a poor person could not pay their full share, the tax collector paid the rest. This concept wi ped out a whole class of moderately wealthy people. Later, slavery split communities. Rome believed the workers of society should not benefit from slavery. Slaves then had to reason to try hard or improve. Eastern slaves started doing technical work. Thus, all technical work was looked down upon. Labor was cheap and worthless. Upper-class Romans were content with what they had become. They felt no need to improve their inventions, they were content with slaves. Another reason for the fall of Rome was political issues. Citizens no longer displayed patriotism, they were indifferent. Only the rich ran for office. Only the rich could run for office. It had become too expensive to hold office. The officers were forced to pay for public engagements themselves. The wealthy men destroyed Greco-Roman civilization. The loss of Greco-Roman civilization led to the decline of classical civilization. The general pattern of the classical civilization was based upon slavery being at the root of society. The army had proven itself to produce many leaders. The army needed to be maintained. Again, taxes were forced mainly on the poor or made more people impoverished.

Cost Accounting Past FInal

January 10,800 February 1 5,600 March 12,200 April 10,400 May 9,800 The inventory of finished products at the end of each month is to be equal to 25% of the sales estimate for the next month. On January 1, there were 2,700 units of product on hand. No work is in process at the end of any month. Each unit of product requires two types of materials in the following quantities: Material A-4 units Material B- 5 units Materials equal to one half of the next month's production are to be on hand at the end of each month.This requirement will be met on December 31st, 2012. REQUIRED: a) Prepare a budget showing the quantities of each type of material to be purchased each month for the first quarter of 2013 Question Two (20 marks) KILL Industries use weighted-average process costing to determine the cost of goods manufactured. The firm began the current year with 20,000 units in process, 75% complete. Work was begun on an additional 90,000 units during the period. The period ended with 8,000 u nits in process, 40% complete.Materials are added at the beginning of the process, labor when the units are 50% complete, and overhead is re sold for scrap at $0. 10 each. Normally, 2% of the units inspected are expected to be rejected. Costs attached to beginning work-in-process were $80,000 for materials, $120,000 for labor, and $150,000 for overhead. Current costs for the period were $371,000 for materials, $475,000 for labor and $865,280 for overhead. One hundred thousand good units were completed and transferred out during the period. ) Prepare a cost of production report for this department using weighted average process costing using the vertical format (as taught in class, not in the text) b) Prepare Journal entries to record the activities for the month Question Three (22 marks) Pfizer-Plow Pharmaceuticals is a major seller of cold remedies. Its product line consists of aspirin, cough lozenges, cold capsules and a nasal spray. The firm manufactures only the cold capsules in Puerco Ricoh.The other products are purchased from firms which specialize in the manufacture of those products: For the first quarter of 2012, management of Pfizer-Plow prepared the following master budget: Sales Aspirin 10,000 cases Lozenges 20,000 cases Capsules 20,000 cases Spray 5,000 cases Total Sales Aspirin Lozenges Spray Manufacturing Costs: Caffeine 40,000 grams 400,000 Antihistamine 60,000 grams 300,000 Aspirin concentrate 100,000 grams 350,000 Direct labor 40,000 hours Overhead (all fixed) 500,000 Total Costs Net Income Through excellent SIT inventory control, the firm was able to keep purchases and production exactly equal to unit sales.The firm uses actual process costing for its manufacturing operation. A summary of the actual results for the first quarter of 2012 follow: Cost of purchases 1 ZOO cases 20,000 cases $200. 00 a case Capsules 2000 cases $310. 00 a case ,000 cases $390. 00 a case Actual Manufacturing costs incurred during the period were: Caffeine 45,000 g rams $427,500 Antihistamine 64,000 grams $384,000 Aspirin Concentrate 1 1 5,000 grams 414,000 Direct labor 43,000 hours Overhead 482,000 a) Determine actual cost net income b) Calculate I.Sales quantity variance it. Sales mix variance iii. Sales Price variances ‘v. Material yield variance v. Material mix variance v'. Material price variances c) Reconcile actual net income to the master budget in a single statement, including any other appropriate variances Question Four (12 marks) revived more Buts of heat per cord of wood than any other wood burning fireplace insert or stove. One model, the Heatproof, sells for $1,800, and a new model, the Heat Queen, sells for $1,200.A traditional costing system ‘. The BBC system b) Which system would most likely do a better Job of measuring costs for this product emphasis/keep or drop decision? Explain. C) Franklins controller points out that the BBC information could also be used to identify and eliminate non-value added activities. Explain how BBC and BAM can be used for this purpose. Question Five (18 marks) The steam-generating department of the Sotto Company provides the power necessary to run the machines in two production departments, Pl and UP.Based upon past experience, it has been determined that the total costs of operating the team generating equipment contains a fixed element of $30,000 per year and a variable element of $2. 00 per 1,000 cubic meters of steam. In addition to any allocated overhead costs, Pl has direct fixed overhead of $20,000 per year and UP has direct fixed overhead of $10,000 per year. Direct variable overhead in Pl is $1. 00 per machine hour. Direct variable overhead in UP is $2 per machine hour.Each machine hour in Pl requires the use of 1,000 cubic meters of steam. Each machine hour in UP requires the use of 250 cubic meters of steam. Maximum yearly machine hours in Pl and UP are 20,000 and 30,000, respectively. Under current economic conditions, management expects to utilize 10,000 machine hours in Pl and 30,000 machine hours in UP during 2013. A) Determine the expected 2013 operating costs of the steam-generating department.

How Senators Use the Filibuster to Stop Legislation

The term filibuster is used to describe a tactic used by members of the U.S. Senate to stall or delay votes on legislation. Lawmakers have used every trick imaginable to filibuster on the floor of the Senate: reading names from the phone book, reciting Shakespeare, cataloging all the  recipes for fried oysters. The use of the filibuster has skewed the way legislation is brought to the floor of the Senate. There are 100 members of the upper chamber in Congress, and most votes are won by a simple majority. But in the Senate, 60 has become the most important number. Thats because  it takes 60 votes in the Senate to block a filibuster and bring an end to unlimited debate or delay tactics. Senate rules allow any member or group of senators to speak as long as necessary on an issue. The only way to end the debate is to invoke cloture, or win a vote of 60 members. Without the 60 votes needed, the filibuster can go on forever. Historic Filibusters Senators have effectively used filibusters -- or more often, the threat of a filibuster -- to change legislation or block a bill from being voted on the Senate floor. Sen. Strom Thurmond gave the longest filibuster in 1957 when he spoke for more than 24 hours against the Civil Rights Act. Sen. Huey Long would recite Shakespeare and read recipes to pass the time while filibustering in the 1930s. But the most famous filibuster was conducted by Jimmy Stewart in the classic film Mr. Smith Goes to Washington. Why Filibuster? Senators have used filibusters to push for changes in legislation or to prevent a bill from passing with less than 60 votes. It is often a way for the minority party to yield power and block legislation, even though the majority party chooses what bills will get a vote. Often, senators make their intent to filibuster known to other senators to prevent a bill from being scheduled for a vote. Thats why you rarely see long filibusters on the Senate floors. Bills that will not be approved are rarely scheduled for a vote. During George W. Bushs administration, Democratic senators effectively filibustered against several judicial nominations. In 2005, a group of seven Democrats and seven Republicans - dubbed the Gang of 14 - got together to reduce filibusters for judicial nominees. The Democrats agreed not to filibuster against several nominees, while Republicans ended efforts to rule filibusters unconstitutional. Against the Filibuster Some critics, including many members of the U.S. House of Representatives who have seen their bills pass in their chamber only to die in the Senate, have called for an end to filibusters, or to at least lower the cloture threshold to 55 votes. They allege the rule has been used too often in recent years to block important legislation. Those critics point to data that show the use of the filibuster has become too common in modern politics. No session of Congress, in fact, had attempted to break a filibuster more than 10 times until 1970. Since then the number of cloture attempts has exceeded 100 during some sessions, according to the data. In 2013,  the Democratic-controlled U.S. Senate voted to change the rules on how the chamber acts on presidential nominations.  The change makes it easier to set up confirmation votes for  presidential nominees for executive branch and judicial nominees with the exception of those for the U.S. Supreme Court by requiring only a simple majority, or 51 votes, in the Senate.

Incas Versus The Aztecs And Mayans Essay - 1315 Words

Incas versus the Aztecs and Mayans The incas rose in 1438, they fell in 1533. They suffered the attacks of Spanish conquerors such as Spaniard Francisco Pizarro (1475-1541) and the spread of small box. At the peak of power the civilization extended 4,000 km (2,500 miles) and included 16 million people. They were extremely advanced, had an army, laws, roads, bridges, and tunnels. Inca’s were the most advanced civilization because of their government, agriculture, architecture and technology compared to the Aztecs and Mayans. There are many aspects to the government hierarchy. The Inca government at Cuzco maintained a strong military and passed laws to create official customs, an official language, and calendar. They had a government that established law. â€Å"The Inca government was called the Tawantinsuyu. It was a monarchy ruled by a single leader called the Sapa Inca.† His principal wife (queen) was called the coya. â€Å"The Sapa Inca were several officers who helped to rule the empire. High ranking officials were often relatives of the emperor and were always part of the Inca class.† They had seven different levels of officers helping rule. Viceroy also known as the Inkap Rantin who worked as the advisor and was a close relative. High priest also known as the Willaq Umu he was the second in power. Governs of a Quarter also known as an Apu and they govern their quarter of the Empire. There are others like the council of realm, the inspectors, the military generals and theShow MoreRe latedBook Analysis of Katun: A Twenty Year Journey with the Maya918 Words   |  4 PagesBook Analysis of Katun: A Twenty Year Journey with the Maya The Mayan people of the Yucatan Peninsula have endured great changes over their history, but many changes have occurred more recently as documented in the book by Cindy Hull. During a study in which she lived in Yaxbe for several decades, Hull examined the effects that this change has had on the people of the village and the Mayan people at large. Initially, Hull found that much was different about living with the people because sheRead MoreThe Westward Spread of Inca and Egyptian Culture Essay2138 Words   |  9 PagesThe Westward Spread of Inca and Egyptian Culture The second half of the twentieth century has seen many changes in theories concerning the mode of colonization of the islands of Micronesia, and the rise of the Inca Empire, with its striking similarities to Egypt. In the past, it has been suggested that Asians had worked their way through the Pacific, over a period of thousands of years. It was believed that each island group had formed independently, and that the residentsRead MoreBarrio Boy by Ernesto Galarza and A Place to Stand by Jimmy Santiago Baca1774 Words   |  8 Pagesbig part in writing. In Our America by Josà © Martà ­, he identifies and defends American indigenous cultures and memory. He talks about how there is no Latin American advancement without justice for indigenous America. â€Å"The history of America, from the Incas to the present, must be taught in clear detail and to the letter, even if the archons of Greece are overlooked† (Jose: 114). This writing by Martà ­ is extremely powerful and all throughout his writing it clearly supports American indigenous cultures

Excello Telecommuncations - 1587 Words

RUNNING HEAD: EXCELLO TELECOMMUNICATIONS CASE Excello Telecommunications Case Kevin C ETH/376 February 10, 2014 Excello Telecommunications Case The year is quickly ending for Excello Telecommunications, and they are trying to maximize earnings for the company. With increased competition from foreign companies, Excello meeting its financial estimates are looking bleak. Failure to meet earnings expectations can reduce the availability of bonuses, stock options and could lessen the value of the company. Because of the threat in not meeting estimated earnings, the company’s CFO Terry Reed has a plan to make one last effort to meet company goals. Terry Reed has knowledge about a sale of $1.2 million to a†¦show more content†¦Section 401 forces companies the discloser of periodic reports from the company. Section 807 describes a clear definition on the criminal penalties for executives who break the law. Excello GAAP Accounting Excello accounting standards in the case study shows that the CFO wanted to make a decision based on an operating decision going against accounting standards. GAAP principles must be followed by Excello when preparing financial statements. When the company releases the financial statements, it must be in compliance with GAAP. With that in mind, the accounting department must also comply with GAAP principles when the $1.2 million sale is posted. Excello must follow revenue recognition rules when the sale is recognized by the company. Revenues resulting from selling inventory must be recognized at the date of the sale, often viewed under date of delivery. If the company used accrual basis of accounting, the revenues are recognized when they are earned, and expenses are matched with the revenues generated by the sale. So for Excello, the sale cannot be reported in 2010 because the sale would occur in 2011. Because Excello still possess the goods at the end of the year, the sa le recognition cannot occur. The financial statements have to reflect the true accounting activities for 2010, so the reports are transparent, reliable and consistent. If Excello went ahead and reported the revenue in 2010, the report will not be truthful and unreliable for

Provide Leadership Across the Organization

Question: Define the Provide Leadership Across the Organization. Answer: 1: Part A: Meeting plan Step 1 Firstly, as a supervisor of CliniCloud, I will have to welcome the newly appointed people within the organization. In the welcome process, I will have to introduce myself briefly. Then I will have to focus on the introduction of CliniCloud. I will also have to share mission, vision and aim of the organization. For instance, the company is focusing on to increase its sales volume to up to 10% and also aims to provide the best services at the store. I will also have to share that the future goal of CliniCloud is to become one of the fastest growing retail organizations in Australia so that new appointed employees can feel motivated in joining the organization. Step 2 After the introduction, I will have to share the ethics and values of CliniCloud. I will have to share that the company is committed to provide the best possible products at the cheapest price in the market. However, I will also share the information that CliniCloud will compromise with the business ethics in order to provide products at the cheapest price. In fact, CliniCloud will focus on the maintenance of positive relationship with all its suppliers. Step 3 In the third step, I will have to engage with the employees to understand their career aim and objectives. Furthermore, I will have to provide a proper career path for the employees so that they can feel motivated to associate with the organization for a longer period. I will also have to share the information that CliniCloud will provide for the professional development of the employees. Step 4 In the fourth step, I will highlight the significance of team development for the organizational developmental process. Therefore, I will have to consult with each of the employees in order to describe their role in the team. I believe role specification will reduce the possibility of miscommunication that eventually improve the cohesiveness among the team members. Step 5 After that, I have to encourage the employees to maintain diversity in the team. Since, I believe diversity in a team actually include different perspectives. Therefore, it can be beneficial at the time of facing difficulties in the organizational workplace. Furthermore, I will also encourage all the employees to share any concern with me so that I can refer that to the higher authority. I will share different fun initiatives of CliniCloud so that organization can able to maintain positive work atmosphere. Step 6 I will also highlight different risk factors that can actually affect the business process of CliniCloud. For instance, I will have to share information about the significance of providing the best possible customer service for maintaining its position in the market. I will also have to share the best possible way to reduce the risk factors. Step 7 In the final step of the meeting, I will provide chance for the employees to ask any questions related to work and their professional career. I will make sure no confusion remains in the mind of the employees. 1: As per the article by Chhokar, Brodbeck House (2013) leaders has critical role to play in enhancing the performance level of the employees. In fact, studies have highlighted that there can be no leadership when there is no influence. In organizational structure, leaders focus on the effectiveness of the teamwork so that organization can actually able to fulfill its objectives. In CliniCloud, management focuses on the teamwork so that employees can able to think positively in performing their responsibilities. Furthermore, decision-making strategies of leaders also play a crucial role in the motivational level of the employees. Therefore, it creates direct impact on the performance level of the employees. In the meeting, I have mentioned that CliniCloud utilize opinions of the employees before making any crucial decision in the organizational work process. Therefore, I have found that it has created positive vibe on the mind of new employees. Furthermore, leaders are responsible for developing organizational culture. As per the article by Avolio Yammarino (2013), organizational culture can actually influence employees to give their best at the workplace. In meeting, I have mentioned that CliniCloud maintain a positive work culture so that employees does not feel demotivated towards their work. 2: In the meeting, I have identified that our existing work culture is quite effective in motivating all the employees towards their responsibilities. However, I have also found some suggestion that can be taken in to consideration in improving the present work culture in order to enhance its position in the market place. Furthermore, as we are developing a new branch it is also important to maintain the same level of work culture in the new branch as well. Otherwise, it actually may affect the overall business process of the organization (Beck Cowan, 2014). I have found two important suggestions to enhance the workplace culture. The meeting emphasizes on the effective utilization of the better communication tools in order to maintain coordination between new and old branches. Another suggestion is to focus more on the employee concern and problems. I believe it is expected that employees will face difficulties in running the operational process at the new branch effectively. Therefore, superiors will have to guide employees in an appropriate way that eventually will create positive impact on the workplace culture. 3: I believe gaining trust of the employees is a long-term process. Therefore, I will follow a systematic procedure so that employees do not have to face too much difficulty at the time of performing their responsibilities. First of all, I have to assess the performance level of all the employees in order to identify specific needs. Furthermore, I will have to maintain continues communication process so that employees can able to share the difficulties that they are facing at the workplace in a much more effective way. I also have to ensure that all the employees can able to have effective support from the management so that they feel motivated towards their work. I also will utilize democratic decision-making strategy so that employees can feel themselves as an integral part of the organization. Past and background: I am currently working as a supervisor in CliniCloud. I associated with retail industry for more 2 years now. In my first job, I was appointed as a store executive where my responsibility is to provide the best possible service to the customers. Within 6 months after joining, I have able to get a promotion to the designation of senior store executive. During my promotion, superiors have said that I have performed better than their expectancy. However, I also always tried to keep track of my performance level from my immediate superiors. One of my superior has said that I possess an excellent communication skill. However, I need to work on my patience level, as it is necessary in increasing the satisfaction level of the customers. After 1 year, I have joined CliniClub as a Supervisor where my responsibility is to guide the ground level employees in performing their responsibilities effectively. Professional objectives: Specific I want to become senior store manager of a global retail organization. Measurable I am focusing on continues 120% achievement of the sales target provided by the organization. Achievable I want to earn $1,00,000 per year. Realistic I am focusing on attaining several management seminars so that I could able to enhance my management skill at the expected level. Time-specific I am giving myself 5 years for achieving the senior store manager position in a global retail organization. Table 2: Professional objectives (Source: As created by the author) Professional development plan: In order to become a senior store manager, I will have to gain fare share of experience in handling retail activities. I know that handling store operation is not an easy responsibility. It includes tasks like employee management, supplier management, customer service maintenance, evaluation of the entire sales report, identification of growth of the organization (Boezeman Ellemers, 2014). Thus, my career plan will have a systematic approach. Otherwise, it will be very difficult to fulfill all the objectives of my career development plan. I believe that continues good performance is the only key for success for any professional. Therefore, I will always try to make sure that I have over achieved the organizational target. I also give myself 5 years time in order to gain experience and skills in the related field. Furthermore, I will continuously focus on the skill development, as it is necessary to become a successful manager. Available opportunities: I believe working in the retail sector will allow me to interact with the customers on a daily basis. Therefore, it will enhance my communication skill. Therefore, I believe I can also able to excel in other industry as well. For instance, I believe experience in the retail sector will also help me to face the challenges of e-commerce industry as well. However, I do like to remain in the retail sector, as I found this a very challenging. Desired work life balance: Work life balance plays a significant role in creating satisfaction level of the employees (Goethals et al., 2014). I think it will be more comfortable for me, if organization provide me a flexible working hour. However, as I am an energetic healthy employee, it will not be very difficult for me to work under stretched working hour. References: Avolio, B. J., Yammarino, F. J. (Eds.). (2013).Transformational and charismatic leadership: The road ahead. Emerald Group Publishing. Beck, D. E., Cowan, C. (2014).Spiral dynamics: Mastering values, leadership and change. John Wiley Sons. Boezeman, E. J., Ellemers, N. (2014). Volunteer leadership: The role of pride and respect in organizational identification and leadership satisfaction.Leadership,10(2), 160-173. Chhokar, J. S., Brodbeck, F. C., House, R. J. (Eds.). (2013).Culture and leadership across the world: The GLOBE book of in-depth studies of 25 societies. Routledge. Goethals, G., Allison, S., Kramer, R., Messick, D. (Eds.). (2014).Conceptions of leadership: Enduring ideas and emerging insights. Springer.